How To Debugging Fire Alarm System

How To Debugging Fire Alarm System

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Author : ASNEWARE
Update time : 2022-10-10 17:21:42
With the increase in fire and electricity consumption in modern industries, the chances of happening a fire are getting larger. Once there is a fire, it is easy to have the situations like untimely firefighting, lack of fire-fighting equipment, and slow escape of the people, which may eventually lead to major loss of property. Therefore, knowing the features of fires and the fire prevention measures is really important. This passage will introduce how to install and debug the fire alarm system.
Debugging Fire Alarm System

Preparations Before Fire Alarm System Installation and debug

1.You should know the configuration of the fire alarm system, get the fire alarm system diagram, floor plan, instruction manual, etc.
2.Check whether the system installation meets the design requirements according to the system design drawings.
3.Prepare the tools needed for installation and debug, such as multimeters, wiring tools and encoders, screwdrivers, needle-nose pliers, diagonal pliers, terminal resistors, etc.
4.Check the quality of the fire alarm system and its installation status:
  4.1 Check whether the system installation meets the design requirements according to the system design drawings. If there are some differences between the installation of the fire alarm system and the system design drawings, the installer shall be informed and deal with it.
  4.2 Know whether the equipment control cabinet installed can be connected with the alarm linkage system as required, if not, inform the installer to change it. Find out if there is any equipment that works with high currents, such as a positive pressure air supply valve, electric fire damper, etc.
  4.3 Power on the fire alarm system and other equipment one by one, make sure to debug the equipment only when it can work normally. If the equipment can’t work normally during the inspection, you should find out the problems and solve them in time.
  4.4 Check whether the insulation resistance of the system circuits to the ground and the system grounding meet the wiring requirements.
  4.5 Check the system wiring, solve the problems like wrong wiring, open circuit, short circuit, grounding, etc.
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4.6 Connect the AC power supply, measure the voltage range, connect the backup battery, and make the final preparations for equipment debug.
 

Fire Alarm System debugging

1.Code the detectors, manual call points and different modules (like input and output modules) according to the system design drawings. If there is no detector and module number on the drawing, the debug professional should cooperate with the installer to mark the actual address code of the detector and modules on the drawing.
 
2.According to the signal line after programming the address code, and the codes of the circuits, detectors and modules, sort out the address code form and do the display information, system information and linkage relationship programming according to the address coding form and the requirements of the system fire protection equipment.
 
The general requirements for linkage logic relationship editing:
2.1 Fire hydrant system: activate the manual call point of fire hydrant → open the output module of the alarm bell or strobe sounder on this floor or the upper and lower floors → turn on the power of the alarm bell or strobe sounder.
Activate the manual call point of fire hydrant → activate the fire pump.
 
2.2 Automatic sprinkler system: send out the action signal of the water flow indicator → start the output module of the alarm bell or strobe sounder on this floor → turn on the alarm bell or strobe sounder.
Send out the pressure switch action signal → turn on the spray pump. Or send out the action signal of the water flow indicator → turn on the spray pump. Or send out the combined action signal of the water flow indicator and the action signal of the pressure switch → turn on the spray pump.
 
2.3 Positive pressure air supply system: send out the detector alarm signal or manual call point alarm signal → open the positive pressure air supply port → send a signal of opening the positive pressure air supply port → open the positive pressure air supply fan.
The opening number of positive pressure air supply can refer to the following requirements: 
· The positive pressure air supply openings in the smoke-proof stairwell should be fully opened to form a positive pressure throughout the stairwell.
· The positive pressure air supply openings in the front room should be in accordance with the evacuation sequence, that is, the positive pressure air supply ports on the alarm floor and its upper and lower floors should be turned on.
 
2.4 Smoke exhaust system: send out the detector alarm signal in the smoke exhaust zone or the manual call point alarm signal in the smoke exhaust zone → start the smoke outlet of the smoke exhaust zone → send out the signal to open the smoke outlet → turn on the corresponding exhaust fan in the exhaust zone.
 
2.5 Fire-resistant shutter:
·The fire-resistant shutter that are only used for fire separation can only do one-step dropping. Send out the detector alarm signal or the manual call point alarm signal → open the fire-resistant shutter around the fire zone and drop it to the end. 
·The fire-resistant shutter used on the evacuation channel should be dropped in two steps: send out the alarm signal of the smoke detectors installed on both sides of the fire-resistant shutter → turn on the fire-resistant shutter and stop after it is 1.8m from the ground, and when the heat detectors installed on both sides of the fire-resistant shutter send out an alarm signal → drop the fire-resistant shutter to the ground.
 
2.6 Linkage between the fire alarm device and the fire public address: the fire alarm device mainly refers to alarm bells or strobe sounder in high buildings. In the fire alarm system, the linkage between the fire alarm device and the fire public address is as follows: send out the fire detector alarm signal or the manual call point alarm signal → open the output module of the alarm bell or the strobe sounder →power on of the alarm bell, the strobe sounder, and the fire public address. The sequence of turning on fire alarm and fire public address in high-rise buildings is as follows:
· When a fire occurs on the 2nd floor or above, it is suggestible to connect the devices of accident floor and its adjacent upper and lower floors first.
· When a fire occurs on the first floor, it is advisable to connect the devices of the first floor, the second floor and the underground floors. 
· When a fire occurs in the basement, it is suggestible to connect the devices of the underground floors and the first floor.
· For single-story buildings with multiple fire compartments, the devices of the fire compartment and its adjacent fire compartment should be connected first.
 
2.7 Fire elevator: send out the manual call point and detector alarm signal → start the fire elevator forced landing output module → the fire elevator is forced to the first floor and send back the signal to the fire control room. 
 
2.8 Switching the non-fire-fighting power supply: send out the manual call point and detector alarm signal → open the non-fire-fighting power switching output module → the module activates the circuit breaker tripping mechanism to trip the interrupter and cut off the non-fire-fighting power supply. 
 
3.Use a multimeter to check the signal bus on which the detector and modules are installed, and the next step can only be carried out after it is confirmed that the circuit is not short-circuited. For the power wiring of the module, it must be measured with a multimeter to make sure that there is no short-circuit and grounding, and make sure that the terminals are all connected, and there are no exposed wire ends before powering on. 
 
For the multi-line linkage control cabinet, because there are many circuits connected to the device control cabinet, it should be checked according to the requirements. The terminals (like the terminal loads, resistors, diodes, etc.) should be connected well. Meanwhile, every wire should be measured with a multimeter at the control cabinet end before it is connected. It is forbidden to connect the control wire to the control cabinet first.
 
4.Connect the signal circuit with the address code to the panel, and mark it clearly. Solve the line faults, detector faults, and module faults one by one.
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5.When solving the problems, you can use the single-point test function on the panel to detect the communication between the detector or the module and the panel, and see if there is any interference signal in the signal loop.
 
6.Carry out the smoke alarm test on the detectors one by one. For the ones that does not alarm and falsely alarm, they should be replaced and re-tested in time. Verify whether the corresponding display relationship of the detector is correct. If there is an error, debug through the programming.
 
7.Carry out a simulation test on the control module and control program according to the linkage control requirements until the system works normally.
 
· Manually start each controlled fire-fighting linkage equipment, such as: fire public address, alarm bell, fire pump, sprinklers, fire elevator, non-fire-fighting power supply, etc., and check if the feedback signal is correct. If not, it must be corrected. If the equipment can’t be started, the possible reasons are: incorrect programming or incorrect coding correspondence, 24V power supply is not connected, equipment control cabinet is not in automatic state, equipment control cabinet is not powered.
· Set the panel to the automatic state, check whether the linkage of the controlled equipment meets the linkage control requirements.
 

Fire Alarm System Works after debugging

1.After the system simulation alarm and simulation linkage test are done, the system should be powered on and operated. Before delivering it to the user for operation and use, it is necessary to sort out the relevant files of the system and give it to the user and the company for future maintenance.
 
The files should include:
· The system diagram, floor plans marked with detectors and module code file.
· System configuration files. Including the number of loops in the system, the number of coded addresses of each loop, and the distribution and display range of the floor display panel.
· The system display relationship. Including the corresponding relationship between each coded address and the actual address, and the device type of each coded address.
· System linkage logic relationship. Including the distribution and action logic relationship of the equipment in the system.
 
2.The debugging project should be monitored continuously during the running period.
3.Do the training of user maintenance personnel and on-duty personnel.
 
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